Ecosystem Transformation (), 165-183

Floristic composition of the vegetation of the colliery spoil heaps in Khakassia

Zhukov A.A. , Zhukova E.Yu.

Between 2020 and 2023, foristic analysis of the phytocenoses of the Izykhsky and Chernogorsky colliery spoil heaps in the semiarid conditions of Khakassia, revealed 363 species of higher vascular plants belonging to 207 genera (Artemisia, Potentilla, Poa, etc.) and 53 families, at various stages of vegetational succession. It was established that the vegetation developing on the territory of the colliery spoil heaps in Khakassia differs from the zonal steppe flora by the presence of
a developed tree-shrub tier, primarily consisting of Ulmus pumila. The dominant families Asteraceae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, Brassicaceae, and Fabaceae are typical of the boreal flora of temperate latitudes. Three stages of succession are identified, the most widespread being the complex communities stage (315 species). Eurasian species predominated in the heap flora. As the succession progressed, the proportion of Holarctic and cosmopolitan species decreased, while the percentage of Siberian species increased by 2.2 times. The Khakassia spoil heap vegetation is shown to be most similar to the openpit mine spoil heap flora in the Republic of Tyva. At the complex phytocoenosis stage, the spoil heap vegetation is represented by forest (38.1%), steppe (22.5%), and adventive (24.1%) floral assemblages. Hemicryptophytes and cryptophytes (50–60%) predominated over other biomorphs. More than a third of the species in the spoil heap area were mesophytes, with mesoxerophytes and xerophytes ranking second and third.

A. A. Zhukov
N.F. Katanov Khakassian State University
Prospekt Lenina St. 90, Abakan, 655017 Russia

flk19@mail.ru

E. Yu. Zhukova
Khakassian State University named after N.F. Katanov
prospekt Lenina 90, Abakan, 655017 Russia

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